The Class 8 biology chapter 6 – The Circulatory System, deal with the system that circulates every necessary element in the body. Let us look into the topics that are covered in the chapter.
In order to circulate necessary components, we require a messenger and messenger requires a pathway to support.
The important topics discussed in the chapter are:
- Heart: The muscular organ which is located near the chest slightly towards the left in the thoracic region. The heart is divided into 4 chambers. The details of the organ heart, along with the diagram is explained in the chapter.
- Blood: The fluid connective tissue which plays a vital role in circulating food, hormones, water, air and other necessary products to different parts of the body. The chapter discusses the composition of blood and the types of blood cells.
- Blood vessels: They are the pathways through which the blood travels from one part to different parts of the body. Arteries and veins are two types of blood vessels in the circulatory system of the body.
- Lymph: The human circulatory system consists of another body fluid called lymph. It is also known as tissue fluid.
The chapter discusses in details about the topics listed above. Once you are done with going through the Chapter and solving the Selina Questions, compare your answers with that provided by the BYJU’S through the ICSE Selina Class 8 Biology Chapter 6 – The Circulatory System Solutions. These solutions are to the point and have been prepared in terms of examination point of view.
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Download ICSE Class 8 Biology Selina Solutions PDF for Chapter 6 – The Circulatory System
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Put a tick mark against the correct alternative in the following statements:
(a) The only artery which carries deoxygenated blood is called,
1. Hepatic artery
2. Pulmonary artery
3. Aorta
4. Renal artery
Answer: 2. Pulmonary artery
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(b) Pulmonary vein carries
1. Oxygenated blood
2. Deoxygenated blood
3. Glucose-deficient blood
4. laden blood
Answer: 1. Oxygenated blood
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(c) Function of WBCs is to
1. Transport oxygen
2. Help in the clotting of blood
3. Provide immunity
4. Provide storage of food.
Answer: 3. Provide immunity
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(d) Blood Capillary is a
1. Broad tube
2. Artery with thick wall
3. Vein with large lumen
4. Narrow tube made up of endothelium only.
Answer: 4. Narrow tube made up of endothelium only.
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(e) Nucleus is absent in
1. WBCS
2. RBCs
3. All blood cells
4. Liver cells.
Answer:2. RBCs
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(f) Sphygmomanometer measures
1. Pulse rate
2. Heart beat
3. Blood pressure
4. Brain activity
Answer: 3. Blood pressure
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(g) The blood tastes saltish due to the presence of dissolved:
1. Sodium chloride
2. Potassium chloride
3. Ammonium nitrate
4. Sodium nitrate
Answer: 2. Potassium chloride
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Short Answer Questions:
Question 1.
1. Differentiate between the following pair of terms:
(a) Pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein.
(b) Vena cava and aorta.
(c) Platelets and WBC.
(d) RBC and WBC
Solution: (a)
Pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein.
| Pulmonary artery | Pulmonary vein |
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(b) Vena cava and Aorta
| Vena cava | Aorta |
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|
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2. It carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through its branches. |
(c) Blood platelets and blood group.
| Platelets | WBC |
| 1. These are colourless, oval or round, cytoplasmic fragments | 1. WBC is colourless and it has a lack of haemoglobin, bigger in quantity, and have different oval and lobed nucleus. |
| 2. These are important for blood clotting | 2. They provide immunity that protects our body from diseases. |
| 3. Their life period is 3-5 days and it is called thrombocytes. | 3. Their life period is short i.e. 5 to 20 days. |
(d) RBC and WBC
| RBC | WBC |
| 1. They do not have a nucleus at maturity. | 1. They have a large characteristic nucleus. |
| 2. They possess haemoglobin and are red. | 2. They are colourless as they have no pigment. |
| 3. They help in the transport of respiratory | 3. They help in a defence mechanism. |
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Question 2.
Give any three differences between an artery and a vein:
Solution:
Following are the differences between the artery and a vein:
| Artery | Vein |
| 1. Arteries transfer blood from the heart to various body parts. | 1. Veins transfer blood from different body parts to the heart. |
| 2. These carry oxygenated blood (except the pulmonary artery). | 2. These carry deoxygenated blood (except the pulmonary vein). |
| 3. Blood flows with high speed and under high pressure. | 3. Blood flows with low speed and under low pressure. |
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Question 3.
Fill in the blanks
The two lower chambers of the heart are called _______
Solution:
The two lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles.
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Question 4.
In which organ of our body does blood get oxygenated?
Solution:
Blood gets oxygenated in the lungs. The oxygenated blood is brought to the pulmonary veins, and it enters the left atrium. From the left atrium, the blood drains into the left ventricle. Next, the left ventricle pumps the blood to the aorta. The aorta will eventually pump the oxygenated blood to all the parts of the body.
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Question 5.
Which side of the heart (left or right) contains oxygenated blood?
Solution:
Oxygenated blood is carried by the left side of the heart.
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Question 6.
What is the role of haemoglobin in the blood?
Solution:
The respiratory pigment called haemoglobin, which is formed of the iron-containing part known as Haemin and protein part known as globin. It helps to transport respiratory gases (oxygen).
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Question 7.
Name the disease in which the number of platelets reduces to 25,000 30,000 per cubic mm of blood. State its major symptoms.
Solution:
The number of platelets gets reduced to as low as 25-30 thousands per cubic mm of blood by a disease called dengue fever. The major symptoms of dengue are high fever, rashes or red spots on body, nausea or vomiting, pain in the abdomen, back, or back of the eyes and muscles.
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Long Answer Questions:
Question 1.
Given alongside is a diagram of the human heart showing its internal structures? Label the marked 1 to 6 and Solution the following questions.
(a) Which type of blood is carried by the blood vessel marked 2?
(b) Name the main artery which takes the blood from the heart to different parts of the body?
(c) Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Solution:
1. Left pulmonary artery
2. Superior vena cava
3. Left pulmonary vein
4. Right auricle
5. Left auricle
6. Left ventricle
(a) Deoxygenated blood.
(b) Aortic arch (Aorta).
(c) Right Atrium
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Question 2.
You can see some blood vessels on the outside of the hands especially in older people. Are those veins or arteries? How can you confirm your Solution?
Solution:
The skin becomes loose for the older persons as the fat below becomes less with age and the vessels passing through these areas especially on the outside of the hands become prominent. These are veins as they flow superficially. The veins are thin and less muscular. These carry the blood to the heart veins are placed superficially, so they are easily visible to the eye and are prominent.
The blood in the veins will be carrying and will have many substances like sugar, Amino acids, chemical and bacteria.
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