Periodic Table of Elements

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What is the Periodic Table? Why is Periodic Table Made?

The periodic table is an arrangement of all the elements known to man in accordance with their increasing atomic number and recurring chemical properties. They are assorted in a tabular arrangement wherein a row is a period and a column is a group.

Elements are arranged from left to right and top to bottom in the order of their increasing atomic numbers. Thus,

  • Elements in the same group will have the same valence electron configuration and hence, similar chemical properties.
  • Whereas, elements in the same period will have an increasing order of valence electrons. Therefore, as the energy level of the atom increases, the number of energy sub-levels per energy level increases.

The first 94 elements of the periodic table are naturally occurring, while the rest from 95 to 118 have only been synthesized in laboratories or nuclear reactors.

The modern periodic table, the one we use now, is a new and improved version of certain models put forth by scientists in the 19th and 20th century. Dimitri Mendeleev put forward his periodic table based on the findings of some scientists before him like John Newlands and Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier. However, Mendeleev is given sole credit for his development of the periodic table.

Why was Mendeleev Periodic Table widely accepted?

Dimitri Mendeleev, widely referred as the father of the periodic table put forth the first iteration of the periodic table similar to the one we use now. Mendeleev’s periodic law is different from the modern periodic law in one main aspect.

  • Mendeleev modeled his periodic table on the basis of increasing atomic mass, whereas, the modern periodic law is based on the increasing order of atomic numbers.

Even though Mendeleev’s periodic table was based on atomic weight, he was able to predict the discovery and properties of certain elements. During his time only around half of the elements known to us now were known, and most of the information known about the elements were inaccurate. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table was published in the German Journal of chemistry in 1869.

List of Periodic Table Elements

All 118 elements of the Modern Periodic Tabe is listed below.

1: H-Hydrogen 2: He-Helium 3: Li-Lithium 4: Be-Beryllium 5: B-Boron
6: C-Carbon 7: N-Nitrogen 8: O-Oxygen 9: F-Fluorine 10: Ne-Neon
11: Na-Sodium 12: Mg-Magnesium 13 : Al-Aluminum 14 : Si-Silicon 15 : P-Phosphorus
16 : S-Sulfur 17 : Cl-Chlorine 18 : Ar-Argon 19 : K-Potassium 20 : Ca-Calcium
21 : Sc-Scandium 22 : Ti-Titanium 23 : V-Vanadium 24 : Cr-Chromium 25 : Mn-Manganese
26 : Fe-Iron 27 : Co-Cobalt 28 : Ni-Nickel 29 : Cu-Copper 30 : Zn-Zinc
31 : Ga-Gallium 32 : Ge-Germanium 33 : As-Arsenic 34 : Se-Selenium 35 : Br-Bromine
36 : Kr-Krypton 37 : Rb-Rubidium 38 : Sr-Strontium 39 : Y-Yttrium 40 : Zr-Zirconium
41 : Nb-Niobium 42 : Mo-Molybdenum 43 : Tc-Technetium 44 : Ru-Ruthenium 45 : Rh-Rhodium
46 : Pd-Palladium 47 : Ag-Silver 48 : Cd-Cadmium 49 : In-Indium 50 : Sn-Tin
51 : Sb-Antimony 52 : Te-Tellurium 53 : I-Iodine 54 : Xe-Xenon 55 : Cs-Cesium
56 : Ba-Barium 57 : La-Lanthanum 58 : Ce-Cerium 59 : Pr-Praseodymium 60 : Nd-Neodymium
61 : Pm-Promethium 62 : Sm-Samarium 63 : Eu-Europium 64 : Gd-Gadolinium 65 : Tb-Terbium
66 : Dy-Dysprosium 67 : Ho-Holmium 68 : Er-Erbium 69 : Tm-Thulium 70 : Yb-Ytterbium
71 : Lu-Lutetium 72 : Hf-Hafnium 73 : Ta-Tantalum 74 : W-Tungsten 75 : Re-Rhenium
76 : Os-Osmium 77 : Ir-Iridium 78 : Pt-Platinum 79 : Au-Gold 80 : Hg-Mercury
81 : Tl-Thallium 82 : Pb-Lead 83 : Bi-Bismuth 84 : Po-Polonium 85 : At-Astatine
86 : Rn-Radon 87 : Fr-Francium 88 : Ra-Radium 89 : Ac-Actinium 90 : Th-Thorium
91 : Pa-Protactinium 92 : U-Uranium 93 : Np-Neptunium 94 : Pu-Plutonium 95 : Am-Americium
96 : Cm-Curium 97 : Bk-Berkelium 98 : Cf-Californium 99 : Es-Ensteinium 100 : Fm-Fermium
101 : Md-Mendelevium 102 : No-Nobelium 103 : Lr-Lawrencium 104 : Rf-Rutherfordium 105 : Db-Dubnium
106 : Sg-Seaborgium 107 : Bh-Bohrium 108 : Hs-Hassium 109 : Mt-Meitnerium 110 : Ds-Darmstadtium
111 : Rg-Roentgenium 112 : Cn-Copernicium 113 : Nh-Nihonium 114 : Fl-Flerovium 115 : Mc-Moscovium
116 : Lv-Livermorium 117 : Ts-Tennessine 118 : Og-Oganesson

Recommended Videos

Periodic Table – Introduction

The Modern Periodic Table

How to Memorize the Periodic Table?

Periodic Classification of Elements

Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs

Q1

How many elements are there in periodic table?

118 Elements are present in the Periodic Table. As per the periodic law, the properties of Elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
Q2

Who created the periodic table and why?

The structure for the contemporary periodic table was developed in 1869 by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev, who left spaces for elements that had not yet been discovered.
Q3

What is a group in a periodic table?

A group is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms.
Q4

What are the first 20 elements of periodic table in order?

  • H – Hydrogen
  • He – Helium
  • Li – Lithium
  • Be – Beryllium
  • B – Boron
  • C – Carbon
  • N – Nitrogen
  • O – Oxygen
  • F – Fluorine
  • Ne – Neon
  • Na – Sodium
  • Mg – Magnesium
  • Al – Aluminium
  • Si – Silicon
  • P – Phosphorus
  • S – Sulphur
  • Cl – Chlorine
  • Ar – Argon
  • K – Potassium
  • Ca – Calcium
Q5

What is modern periodic table explain?

The modern or long form of the periodic table is based on the modern periodic law. The table is the arrangement of elements in increasing order of their atomic numbers. The modern periodic table is the present form of the periodic table. And it consists of 18 vertical columns and 7 horizontal rows.
Q6

Who found the first element of Periodic table?

In 1669, phosphorus was the first element to be chemically discovered by Hennig Brandt .
Q7

What are the 4 trends of the periodic table?

There are four main periodic trends, electronegativity, atomic size, ionization energy, and electron affinity.
Q8

How was the atomic number discovered?

Henry Moseley made the discovery of the atomic number in 1913 while analysing X-ray spectra. He discovered that when we increase the atomic number by one, certain lines in the x-ray spectra of atoms move by the same amount each time.
Q9

How many metals and non-metals are there in 118 elements?

There are 118 different elements in the current periodic table. There are 18 non-metals. There are 7 metalloids and 93 different types of metal.
Q10

What are the 4 blocks on the periodic table?

The valence electron orbitals of the elements in the periodic table are used to group them into blocks. The four blocks are s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block.

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