Geometry Symbols

Geometry Symbols: Geometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the properties of configurations of geometric objects – (straight) lines, circles and points being the most basic.

The area of mathematics that deals with space, lines, shapes and points

• Plane Geometry is about flat shapes like triangles, circles, and lines,
• Solid Geometry is about solid (3-dimensional) shapes like spheres and cubes.

Geometry Symbol Chart

Let’s explore the typical Geometry symbols and meanings used in both basic Geometry and more advanced levels through this geometry symbol chart.

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning/definition of the Symbols	Example
∠	angle	formed by two rays	∠ABC = 30º
∟	right angle	= 90º	α = 90º
	spherical angle		AOB = 30º
´	arcminute	1º = 60´	α = 60º59′
º	degree	1 turn = 360º	α = 60º
´´	arcsecond	1´ = 60´´	α = 60º59’59”
\(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow{AB}\end{array} \) <	ray	line that start from point A
AB	line segment	the line from point A to point B
|	perpendicular	perpendicular lines (90º angle)	AC | BC
≅	congruent to	equivalence of geometric shapes and size	∆ABC ≅∆XYZ
||	parallel	parallel lines	AB || CD
Δ	triangle	triangle shape	ΔABC ≅ΔBCD
~	similarity	same shapes, not the same size	∆ABC ~∆XYZ
π	pi constant	π = 3.141592654… is the ratio between the circumference and diameter of a circle	c = π·d = 2·π·r
|x–y|	distance	distance between points x and y	| x–y | = 5
grad	grads	grads angle unit	360º = 400 grad
rad	radians	radians angle unit	360º = 2π rad

The symbols for angles and triangles are most important and frequently used symbols in geometry.