What is the Full form of LCD?

The full form of LCD is Liquid Crystal Display. LCD is a flat-panel display system that is primarily seen in Television and computer screens, which is also used by cell phones presently. Such LCDs are entirely different from the previous CRT displays and it utilizes liquid crystals as their primary mode of operation rather than cathode rays.

LCD consists of millions of pixels created from crystal and organized in a rectangular pattern on the LCD panel. For LCD, it has backlights that bring light to every pixel. Every pixel has a sub-pixel (RGB) red, green & blue which can be switched off or on. When all subpixels are switched off, it is black while all subpixels are switched on a hundred per cent then it is white.

Construction of LCD

• LCD is a combination of two phases of the liquid and solid matter.
• The solid element is the crystal, and the combination of liquid and crystal makes the image clear.
• The LCD has two layers consisting of two polarized filters & electrodes.
• LCD screen works by blocking the light beam, rather than releasing the light.
• Active Matrix Grid & Passive Matrix Grid are two kinds of pixel grids in LCD.
• Active Matrix Grid is new technology is used in smartphones with LCD screens.
• Passive Matrix Grid is an older technology and is used in some older apps.

Working principles of LCD

The LCD works as per the liquid crystal colour emission principle. LCD was identified in 1888. LCD is an electronically modulated optical device, which includes segments filled with liquid crystals. To display the images, LCDs used liquid crystals and polarized illumination. There is a broad bright light when current is applied to LCD TVs that reflects toward the audience.

List of devices using LCD

LCD is used in the various device including,

• Calculator
• TV
• Mobile device
• Smartphones
• Laptops
• Gaming system
• Computers
• Digital clocks and so on.

Benefits of LCD

• The LCD’s most significant benefit is that it has low cost, energy efficiency & less low energy consumption.
• The LCD is smaller and thinner and is very flexible.
• The LCD offers excellent contrast, brightness & resolution, so the accuracy of the image is as evident as crystal.
• LCD screen radiation is slightly lesser than the CRT monitors
• With CMOS circuit boards, LCDs can be tailored so that LCD creating is quite easy.

Limitations of LCD

• LCD requires external light sources to illuminate the pixels, because if the source of light is lost, then the LCD does not display any picture.
• The LCD monitor is less accurate.
• Visibility of the image depends on luminosity.
• For LCD, the aspect ratio & resolution is specified.
• LCD has an irregular intensity scale and generates rates of less than 256 distinct intensities range.
• For LCD colour intensity related to reduced black level is decreased at a lower level of intensity.
• The LCD has a small viewing range and the brightness is impacted when we look at the screen from an angle than the picture colour shifts in our eyes.